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KMID : 1140920220460050228
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Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
2022 Volume.46 No. 5 p.228 ~ p.236
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Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Early Subacute Phase of Stroke Enhances Angiogenic Mechanisms in Rats
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Lee Yoo-Kyung
Oh Byung-Mo
Park Sung-Hye
Han Tai-Ryoon
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Abstract
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Objective: To characterize the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induced changes in angiogenic mechanisms across different brain regions.
Methods: Seventy-nine adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (day 0) and then treated with 1-Hz, 20-Hz, or sham stimulation of their lesioned hemispheres for 2 weeks. The stimulation intensity was set to 100% of the motor threshold. The neurological function was assessed on days 3, 10, and 17. The infarct volume and angiogenesis were measured by histology, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Brain tissue was harvested from the ischemic core (IC), ischemic border zone (BZ), and contralateral homologous cortex (CH).
Results: Optical density of angiopoietin1 and synaptophysin in the IC was significantly greater in the low-frequency group than in the sham group (p=0.03 and p=0.03, respectively). The 1-Hz rTMS significantly increased the level of Akt phosphorylation in the BZ (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation was increased in the IC (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz), BZ (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz), and CH (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz and p<0.05 vs. sham). Real-time PCR demonstrated that low-frequency stimulation significantly increased the transcriptional activity of the TIE2 gene in the IC (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Low-frequency rTMS of the ipsilesional hemisphere in the early subacute phase of stroke promotes the expression of angiogenic factors and related genes in the brain, particularly in the injured area.
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KEYWORD
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Recovery of function, Stroke, Angiogenesis modulating agents, Neuronal plasticity
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